Working on the stages of meiosis in chapter one

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Organelle is an alien civilization built around biology, chemistry, genetics, and psychology 

The use of biology is for world building and writing folklore. 

While the genetics, I choose domestic cat breeds. In my research they offer a guide to designing chapters. 

For the psychology, I chose to interview my characters as they answer moral questions. 

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In this chapter all the attention is on character development. Below is an outline of the stages a character goes through, and I will hold an interview with each character during these stages 

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Before Transcendence

The character personalities are in pairs. Two think almost alike, and they are based on stem cell types

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During Transcendence 

Transcendence is the process of transforming one’s self with the use of mitochondrial DNA 

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After Transcendence

The characters become the Laminae. They truly think different 

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Type One

Datura Nightshade

Sage Obsidian

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Type Two

Lotus Lamb

Damiana Kunzite

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Type Three

Neroli Quicksilver

Azalea Stone

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Type Four

Rue Musk

Senna Verbena

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Type Five

Magnolia Saffron

Sangria Vervain

Type One (Totipotent)

Totipotent cells undergo zygotic genome activation 

essential for the ensuing first lineage decisions and the overall progression of embryonic development

The first lineage of anything in life is believed to be the most telling, so therefore these people have trained themselves to actively search for the first lineage of information, and to judge it as it began instead of what it has later become. They use the example of a small child being the most pure as a means to determine the quality of all things. Another example of this would be if there was a news report, only the first initial report is listened to everything afterwards has been corrupted. If you’re asked a question and you pause for too long then your answer is silence and no need to listen to what you have to say after a long pause. If you were to prepare a speech, they would not listen, and for a politician to read from a teleprompter is unacceptable and they will not listen to any of it because there was time for it to be corrupted

ZGA involves the activation of the zygotic genome, leading to the transcription of genes that were previously silent

DNA, the molecule that stores genetic information, acts as a template

a single-stranded nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) that serves as a guide for the synthesis of a new DNA, RNA, or protein molecule during processes like replication, transcription, and translation

the process where a cell creates an RNA copy of a DNA sequence, forming a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule

It is believed that in all things there is only one strand of truth. It is believed that this one strand is a guide for the creation and understanding of new information. The “strand of truth” is what is believed to me the message in the conversation 

Totipotent cells undergo changes in DNA methylation

DNA methylation is an epigenetic process where methyl groups are added to DNA, which can alter gene expression by influencing how tightly DNA is packed and regulating which genes are transcribed

Epigenetics refers to how your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work

Ones behaviour and environment makes a person who they are publicly but also influence their mind and their heart. It is important to take the steps to change their behaviour and seek control over their environment, either through adaptation to that environment or to influence it to change if it is unacceptable 

a chemical group consisting of one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms

Methyl groups are generally very stable and unreactive

Type 1 personalities are generally calm and not overly aggressive in situations unless the situation calls for such behaviour. One thing however, is they consider the idea that if you’re someone who is different you should try to bond with the majority 

histone modifications

chemical changes to histone proteins that can alter chromatin structure and regulate gene activity

Histones are basic proteins, meaning they have a high concentration of positively charged amino acids

Examples are:

lysine (Lys, K)

potentially supporting the immune system

Type one personalities are pro military and police force and are in support of fighting for the sake of the species 

arginine (Arg, R)

is necessary for making proteins and is commonly used for circulation. L-arginine is converted in the body into a chemical called nitric oxide. Nitric oxide causes blood vessels to open wider for improved blood flow

It is someone’s right to travel down their path in life, freedom of choice and freedom of location if where they are currently is unacceptable 

and histidine (His, H)

Histidine's unique imidazole side chain allows it to participate in enzyme catalysis and metal ion binding

histidine can function as either a general acid catalyst or a general base catalyst

Adaptability is important so that a being can adjust to two different takes on a situation. To see a situation from both sides and act accordingly

Acid:

the rate of the catalyzed reaction is dependent on the concentration of all acids present, not just hydronium ions, and the acids are unchanged by the overall reaction

They understand that beings naturally participate in groupthink, while adaptation is important, someone who only follows groupthink is not a contributing member of society 

Base:

The positively charged histones bind to the negatively charged DNA, forming complexes called nucleosomes

Nucleosomes are what is created when DNA wraps around histones 

It is understood that people naturally gravitate towards information they find pleasant and deny what is inconvenient to them. For a type one accepting a hard truth is a process 

and chromatin remodeling

a dynamic process where chromatin, the DNA-protein complex, is rearranged to allow access of regulatory proteins, like transcription factors, to DNA, thereby controlling gene expression

A DNA-protein complex is a structure formed when proteins, like transcription factors or histones, bind to DNA

regulatory proteins are controlling gene expression by either activating or repressing transcription

It is understood that when releasing hard truths type one believe it should be done through the process of “activating” by releasing a detail and “repressing” by holding back a detail. The process they believe creates more information as you prepare a society for disclosure 

The same process is used to bring about social change 

Interview

Do you believe it is morally wrong to mistreat one’s own body or live an unhealthy lifestyle?

The longer someone lives, the more corrupted they become, but why speed up the process? Those around you should be encouraging you to keep purity as long as possible. I see neglecting one’s health as a sign of weakness in a person. If that person’s environment gives them no choice but to ignore their health, they should change that environment if possible. If it’s not possible, their behaviour is forgivable but not to be celebrated. It’s punishable but not by others, your own body will punish you. I don’t think it’s necessarily immoral but it’s something shameful.

Do you believe males and females should have equal access to the same opportunities?

Competent is what matters, deserving is what matters. A competent person should not be denied because of reproductive organs. A competent person is original in their thought process and can bring fresh ideas to their environment, a leader who can easily adapt to an environmental situation without losing themselves in groupthink. People who stay in groupthink are not competent and deserve to be denied opportunity. They need to have the right skills, the right body and the right brain for their goal in mind to be possible 

Do you believe it is important for societies to preserve pride in their traditions and heritage?

We should have pride in what was original and preserve it as it was regardless of changes in social norms and opinion. Groupthink does not define past history, you can’t just decide to pretend it never happened because it’s unpopular. We celebrate accomplishment, we celebrate feats and strive to preserve the original form.

Do you believe that nobody should be denied the ability to reproduce? Even those with serious inheritable diseases?

Reproduction is the primary function of a being. You should reproduce once and only once. But, we are beings of free will and nobody can decide for us. I might add that it’s preferable if both partners have vastly different DNA 

Do you feel it’s important for professional environments to uphold formality and diplomatic etiquette?

Every place of business and every institution has a vision to uphold. So, absolutely yes as long as it does not alter that vision

Do you believe people should always strive to reciprocate any favour they willingly accept from others later on, even when doing so is not expected?

No, it would not be genuine if enough time has passed. If the opportunity shows itself naturally then yes, given that it’s not too late 

Is it shameful to purchase something purely based on its luxury status or trendiness?

Very much so, those who start a trend are just making copies of themselves, and those who follow them just for the sake of following them are empty people. They are no longer a person, they are an advertisement 

Do you believe large societies need hierarchy and established leaders to function cohesively?

We need a hierarchy of leaders who have the best skills as original thinkers. Someone who can act both quickly and gracefully

Do you believe casual sex between people who are not in a committed romantic relationship should be heavily discouraged?

That not for a society to decide, although the more partners you have, the less serious I will take you if you come to me looking for a relationship 

Do you believe it’s important for families to stick together and uphold unity? Even when it’s members don’t get along?

Every family has a legacy to uphold whether you like each other or not. You don’t have to like them and if they break the legacy they should be disowned 

Do you believe that a society that has a belief in religion or spirituality is preferable to an atheistic one?

A decent society should have both seeing that a society that believes can influence a culture, but it is only as good as its oldest text and should not be lost in translation. An athletic side, has the purpose to look at the facts and keep society grounded.

Do you believe that when raising a child it would be preferable for them to end up kind and lowly than successful but cold-hearted?

We believe a child should have the ability to become something greater, whether it’s through success or integrity or both 

Do you believe it is ever justifiable to invade and militarily occupy another country that has not harmed or threatened another?

Most certainly not. If they have become corrupt enough to lose their identity, it’s a shame. But, do we want to get involved? No

Do you believe that providing negative feedback to peers should be done sparingly and politely? To not offend with bluntness?

The first response is the most truthful, if it is blunt then, it was meant to be blunt

Do you agree that certain punishments are so cruel and violent, that even the most evil and dangerous individuals do not deserve them?

Punishment should be brief and only administered until the victim is no longer in pain. Most acts are forgivable 

Should society encourage children to be fully obedient to their parents and defer to their decisions until they reach maturity?

How corrupted are the parents? Are they parenting in the way they should? Or are they projecting onto their children based on their own experiences? Yes, a child should respect their parents wishes, given its the wishes of a proper parent 

Do you believe there is, or is not an end goal noble enough, or a circumstance desperate enough to ever justify directly sacrificing the lives of unwilling innocents?

Innocents are to be protected and cherished and that opinion is final

Do you believe that those who have earned large amounts of wealth should be obligated to provide some of it towards public welfare and the less fortunate members of society?

Not if that wealth was rightfully earned. So my answer to this is no

Do you believe the pursuit of raising a family, and a career that helps achieve that goal is more noble than pursuing a child free path?

Having a family is the primary purpose for our species, for any species. What is the first lineage of the opportunities presented to you? This should be seen as a sign of what decision to make. If the opportunity for family comes first and keeps entering your life, then it makes sense to choose family. If you are getting many career opportunities and the opportunity for family is not in reach then that should be your answer

Do you believe citizens should ever be denied the right to nonviolently assemble and protest in public spaces, even if it is likely to progress into rioting?

The protest should only last as long as the passion for the cause and the integrity of the demonstration lasts. As soon as that begins to be lost then the demonstration is over

Do you believe that to ensure wrongdoers experience discipline through retributive punishment is an essential component of justice and to ensure the proper functioning of a society?

Punishment is to be as severe as the crime and for the punishment to be in duration for the length of time that is necessary and later forgiven 

How do you feel about protecting the people’s rights to privacy from surveillance and espionage? Should it be a greater priority than using those tools to catch terrorists or criminals?

Law biding citizens have the right to privacy, given that their public behaviour is not concerning 

Do you agree that although taste in art, architecture, and style is technically subjective, it’s important that a society try to uphold certain standards of beauty and sophistication?

What is in good taste is an art form that is original, what is meant by original can be something new that we have not seen before. Or it can be an old design that holds significance and beauty that has not given in to the corruption that comes with time 

Do you believe it’s better if a society promotes the idea that people should work through their mental health problems by talking about them openly? Or do you believe we should try to hide and ignore them?

A belief about another person should be informed in an ideal society. We believe life shouldn’t have to stop and nobody should lose their identity over something that they didn’t choose 

Do you believe it is important for countries to pursue  a level of economic and military self sufficiency to avoid dependency on others?

If you are dependent on another country you are at the mercy of them and doomed if they are to fall. So it is safer and more honourable for a country to take care of itself and its people instead of being led into the situation of having to answer to another country

Do you agree that it is a sign of a deeply flawed society when someone can inherit a large sum of wealth or power without having to work for themselves, while others inherit very little to nothing?

Those who have lost their way are the ones who deserve nothing, while the person with skills, intellect and integrity deserve wealth. Yes it is deeply flawed if your life circumstances are not distributed correctly, or with the appropriate reward or punishment

Do you believe that all citizens charged with a crime, no matter how obviously guilty or problematic they are, should have the right to a fair and impartial trial, fair representation, and due process?

No. They have lost that right 

Should the primary goal of governments be to prioritize the interests of their country and those who currently live in it, rather than pursue the wellbeing of humanity?

Shouldn’t we pursue both? If the interests of your country act against humanity then they have lost their way

Do you believe a society works at its best when the majority of its members share similar values, beliefs, social norms and mannerisms? Should newcomers be expected to adopt these values before joining?

What were the values and beliefs of the founders?Newcomers are expected to respect the values of their new home but not expect to toss away their own cultural values unless their is conflict between the two 

Do you agree that if an external threat ever attempts to exploit one’s homeland and its people, every citizen should be willing to stay behind and sacrifice their lives to defend it if it’s called upon?

Yes we must defend our homeland 

Do you believe that some people, on the basis of talent, risk taking, hard work and contributions, be more deserving of wealth than others?

Of course! The wealth has been rightfully earned 

Do you agree that if a citizen enjoys quality of life, culture and the civilization of their country more than others, they should support actions that increase the external might, power, and influence on the world stage?

If you truly love this land for what it was intended to be, and your influence doesn’t involve deception on who you are and what you stand for. Maintaining the vision of the founders or at least respecting it 

Do you believe certain inanimate objects should be treated as sacred? Do you agree that it is immoral to disrespect them even when no property damage has been done and nobody was around to witness it?

Taking something sacred and reducing it to an inanimate object is insulting, and taking an object and making it sacred is insane. The exception to this would be memorials and gravestones 

Do you consider someone who has good intentions, but also considered to be a social misfit, week, meek, and dull witted deserving of the same courtesy and respect as their peers rather than be treated as a burden on society?

If their actions cause them to take more than they give then unfortunately they are a burden on society and should repay the debt they own through contributions even if they are small 

Should mentally sound adults have the right to decide what they inject into their own bodies, regardless of public health concerns?

It’s not all about you. If you choose to say no to a vaccine then it should be expected for you to mask up and practice good hygiene in public spaces

Do you believe that a government should be prohibited from seizing the property of a law biding citizen for state planning without their consent? During peacetime?

Yes they should be prohibited from doing such a thing 

Do you believe a nation should be a democracy, where leadership is decided by public election, and every citizen has the right to vote? Is this more preferable than a state governance where leadership is appointed from the top down instead?

When the system is new and the hierarchy has not yet been established then there is the need for the majority to decide who is most competent to become leader. When there are sudden changes to the social climate, where those who were elected can no longer meet the expectations of this new culture, then, the hierarchy needs to be replaced 

Is it in bad taste if a citizen publicly questions the technical knowledge of scientists, the bravery of those in dangerous lines of work, or the work ethic of the working class? If they themselves have not achieved similar feats?

Those people would be a drain on society. If you question something that has been proven, or disregard the sacrifices people have made then it is in bad taste 

Do you agree that if the current governing system has proven itself to be competent at ensuring the wellbeing of its citizens, all of its laws should be followed to preserve social stability, including those that seem arbitrary or one that someone disagrees with?

Yes, you might not like the laws but if they work then it’s expected you should follow them 

Do you believe that certain activities are so disgusting that they are deeply immoral even if they are consensual, harmless, and done in private?

If they were done in private, then I wouldn’t know it’s happening, and I would prefer it to remain private because it’s not necessary for me to know 

Do you agree that a society is most admirable when businesses and institutions follow a culture of perfectionism?

Maintaining the integrity of the institutions, what they stand for, holding up their values is the type of perfectionism to be expected 

Do you believe it is ethical for a government to place restrictions on what ideologies, beliefs and opinions can and cannot be expressed within a social setting or academia? No matter how dangerous they may be considered?

If such an ideology is damaging to society, if those beliefs are completely unfounded and the opinions are also damaging, then yes public safety should be protected

Is it socially acceptable for a respected, high status authority figure to demand preferential treatment from the public?

Respect should be given but not in a way that degrades the public 

Should we prefer the public to be aware of a hard truth concerning them and have it result in outrage and instability rather than keep them under ignorance?

It has, or at least should have been decided long ago how transparent a government should be. What do they stand for as a nation when it comes to the rights and the protections of the people?

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D Loop

a triplex structure within the non-coding region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). It's formed by a short DNA strand (7S DNA) displacing one strand of the usual double-stranded DNA, creating a loop. This region is crucial for mtDNA replication and transcription, acting as the origin of replication for the heavy strand and as a promoter for both the heavy and light strands

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Amino Acid Codes:

proline 

Proline has a secondary amine, making it the only proteinogenic amino acid with this characteristic. Its side chain forms a ring, giving it a rigid structure and impacting its behavior in proteins

threonine

Threonine has an α-amino group, a carboxyl group, and a side chain with a hydroxyl group

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CytB

Complex III, including cytochrome b, facilitates the transfer of electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, a crucial step in oxidative phosphorylation

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Amino Acid Codes:

Glutamic acid

Plays a crucial role in the nervous system as an excitatory neurotransmitter

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ND6

ND6 is part of NADH dehydrogenase, a complex that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone, a crucial step in the electron transport chain. This process helps generate energy in the form of ATP, the cell's primary energy currency

ND5

provides instructions for making a protein called NADH dehydrogenase 5. This protein is part of a large enzyme complex known as complex I, which is active in mitochondria

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Amino Acid Codes:

Leucine 

Leucine is one of the three branched-chain amino acids an amino acid having an aliphatic side-chain with a branch used as a source of energy. 

The side chain is the non-polar, hydrophobic "R group" the side chain attached to the central alpha carbon

The alpha carbon is the core of each amino acid, linking all the essential functional groups all connected to this central alpha carbon

Serine

It's classified as a polar amino acid

Polar amino acids are a group of amino acids with hydrophilic side chains

those that are attracted to water and have a strong affinity for aqueous environments

that can form hydrogen bonds with water

due to its hydroxyl group side chain. Serine is also a precursor for other amino acids like glycine

Three amino acids (serine, threonine, and tyrosine) have a hydroxyl group in their side chain. 

Serine and threonine have aliphatic hydroxyl groups, while tyrosine has a hydroxyl group on an aromatic ring, making it a phenol

Histidine

A precursor for histamine, a neurotransmitter involved in various bodily functions. 

Histidine also has unique acid/base properties due to its imidazole side chain

The only standard proteinaceous amino acid containing an imidazole functional group is histidine

its imidazole ring plays a crucial role in the process of maintaining a stable pH by neutralizing excess acids or bases

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ND4

the ND4 protein, which is essential for complex I's function in the electron transport chain

The transport chain is a series of protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane

that facilitates the transfer of electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors

substances that give up electrons during a chemical reaction, essentially acting as reducing agents. They are involved in redox reactions, where electrons are transferred from the donor to an electron acceptor

a substance that can receive electrons from another molecule, typically during a redox (reduction-oxidation) reaction

ultimately leading to the generation of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

 This process is essential for cellular respiration and involves a series of redox reactions that create an electrochemical gradient, driving ATP synthesis

 Complex I is responsible for transferring electrons and protons, generating a gradient that drives ATP synthesis, the process by which cells produce energy

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Amino Acid Codes:

R

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ND3

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Amino Acid Codes:

G

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COIII

ATP6

ATP8

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Amino Acid Codes:

K

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CoII

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Amino Acid Codes:

D

S

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COI

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Amino Acid Codes:

Y

C

N

A

W

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ND2

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Amino Acid Codes:

M

Q

I

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ND1

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Amino Acid Codes:

L

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16s

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Amino Acid Codes:

V

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12s

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Amino Acid Codes:

F

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D Loop

 D-loop is a triple-stranded region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) found in the control region (CR)

A commonly analyzed segment is the 402-bp region 

This region is approximately 402 base pairs long and is located between repeat sequences:

RS2

RS2 is a region within the control region (CR) that is characterized by tandem repeats. These repeats can vary in number, leading to a high level of variation in this region

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12S rRNA

can be used to identify cat species, including domestic cats and other feline species

16S rRNA

to a widely used genetic marker for identifying and studying bacterial communities in various parts of the feline body

ND1

refers to the MT-ND1 protein, also known as NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1

ND2

NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2

COI

COI is a statistical estimate of the loss of genetic variation in a cat due to shared ancestors, both on the maternal and paternal side of the pedigree

COII

Low COI values indicate a greater genetic diversity, meaning the cat has a broader range of genetic material from more distant ancestors

ATP6

encodes a subunit of the F1F0 ATP synthase complex, is found in both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA in some species

COIII

located on chromosome B1 in the cat genome, and testing for COIII can indicate whether a cat is a carrier of the PKD mutation

ND3

NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3, a protein involved in the electron transport chain, a crucial part of cellular respiration

ND4L

encodes a subunit of Complex I in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This complex is involved in the process of cellular respiration, specifically in the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q)

ND4

The ND4 gene encodes a subunit of NADH dehydrogenase, a protein complex essential for energy production within the mitochondria

ND5

ND5 is often used in phylogenetic studies to understand evolutionary relationships between different cat species and their wild ancestors

ND6

The MTND6 gene is a continuous coding sequence without introns, meaning it doesn't have any non-coding sections within the gene itself. The gene is transcribed as part of a larger polycistronic L-strand transcript, which is then processed to produce the mRNA for ND6

CYTB

part of the cytochrome b-c1 complex (complex III), a protein complex crucial for transferring electrons in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which is essential for cellular respiration

How has transcendence affected them?

Folktales about the transcended ones

Type One personality, now that it is ready, will branch off and become Laminae I and II.

Who are the Laminae?

Here is a bit of information on the nature of the Laminae

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Laminae I

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cells respond to noxious or thermal stimuli

sends information to the brain by the contralateral spinothalamic tract

corresponds to the marginal zone

It's a key relay station for pain and temperature information, receiving input from Aδ and C fibers

It contains a variety of cell types, including interneurons and neurons that project to higher brain centers

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Laminae II

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Involved in sensation of noxious and non-noxious stimuli, and modulating sensory input to contribute to the brain’s interpretation of incoming signals as painful, or not

Sends information to Lamina III and IV

Corresponds to substantia gelatinosa

It can be further subdivided into an outer (lamina IIo) and an inner (lamina IIi) zone